Implicit bias is a concept acquiring some attention. The theory is that as human we have subconscious biases. I have written about the theory before. See my prior post here. The U.S. Supreme Court recognized the theory in Texas Dept. of Housing and Community Affairs v. Inclusive Communities Project, Inc., 135 S.Ct. 2517

I frequently tell my clients or potential clients that if they want fairness at work, then they need to form a union.  The case of Lt. Joseph Salvaggio of the San Antonio Police Department illustrates why.  Lt. Salvaggio took the exam for promotion to captain in 2010.  One of the instructions was that if a